Which movement sought to revive classical learning and values during the Renaissance?

The movement that sought to revive classical learning and values during the Renaissance is Humanism. Humanism emerged in the 14th century and emphasized the study of classical texts from ancient Greece and Rome, focusing on subjects such as rhetoric, grammar, poetry, history, and moral philosophy. This intellectual movement encouraged a shift away from medieval scholasticism and a renewed interest in human potential and achievements, fostering a spirit of inquiry and individualism.

Humanists believed that studying the classics could lead to a better understanding of human nature and the complexities of life. Notable figures connected with Humanism include Petrarch, often considered the father of Humanism, and later scholars like Erasmus and Thomas More, who greatly influenced Renaissance thought and education. This revival of antiquity laid the groundwork for many developments in art, science, literature, and philosophy that characterized the Renaissance period.

The other movements listed, such as Romanticism and Baroque, emerged later and had different focuses. The Inquisition pertains to religious courts and practices aimed at enforcing conformity to Church doctrine, not an intellectual revival. Thus, Humanism is distinctly the correct answer as the primary movement that aimed to resurrect and promote the values and knowledge of classical antiquity during the Renaissance.