Which document is often cited as the first modern constitution?

The United States Constitution is often cited as the first modern constitution because it established a framework for a government based on democratic principles, separation of powers, and a system of checks and balances. Drafted in 1787, this document laid the groundwork for the functioning of a republic and was the first to provide a comprehensive set of rules governing a state that emphasized the role of the individual in relation to the government.

What distinguishes the U.S. Constitution from earlier documents like the Magna Carta, the Articles of Confederation, and the English Bill of Rights is its systematic and organized approach to governance. While the Magna Carta established certain legal principles, it was more a reaction to the issues with King John rather than a modern governance blueprint. The Articles of Confederation served as an early attempt at unifying the states but ultimately proved ineffective in creating a strong central government. The English Bill of Rights, although significant for establishing parliamentary supremacy and individual rights, did not represent a comprehensive national governing framework as seen in the U.S. Constitution.

Thus, the U.S. Constitution is recognized as the first modern constitution for its innovative approach to governance and its role in inspiring constitutions in other countries around the world.