Which contributed most to the change described in the excerpt?

The choice indicating that the court oppressed the monarch's enemies is correct because it highlights the political dynamics and power struggles that characterized the period. Courts often played a vital role in the consolidation of power by helping to eliminate dissent and opposition to the monarch, thereby contributing to the centralization of authority.

In this context, oppressing enemies can lead to significant shifts in political alliances and social structures, ultimately shaping the course of governance in ways that affect broader societal changes. This could contribute to the establishment or strengthening of a monarchy, the implementation of policies detrimental to dissenting groups, and the general atmosphere of fear that can stifle opposition.

The other choices, while relevant to different historical contexts, do not align as closely with the dynamics of court oppression and its impact on the changing political landscape. For instance, the establishment of the Anglican Church or the onset of the French Wars of Religion relate to broader religious conflicts rather than the specific influence of court dynamics regarding oppression. Similarly, the notion of oppressing supporters does not fundamentally address the monarchical power structure in the same way as pressing down on enemies does.