The excerpt best supports which conclusion about the Spanish conquest of the native people of the Americas?

The conclusion that some Spaniards believed the Spanish used barbaric practices to control the native populations is supported by the excerpt because it highlights the moral questions raised within Spanish society about the treatment of indigenous people during the conquest. This suggests a level of introspection and criticism among some Spaniards regarding the methods employed by conquistadors, indicating that these individuals viewed those practices as inhumane or excessively violent.

In contrast, the other conclusions do not align as closely with the content of the excerpt. Not all leaders of the Catholic Church uniformly opposed the practices of the conquistadors; in fact, some were complicit or supportive of the conversion efforts, making the first conclusion less valid. While conversion did occur, the excerpt likely emphasizes the contentious nature of how those conversions were carried out, making the second conclusion somewhat misleading. Finally, while the Spanish did face resistance, the excerpt seems to focus more on the moral implications of their actions than on the difficulties of conquest itself, rendering the last conclusion less pertinent.